The battery thermal-runaway problem must be paid great attention. While the battery itself is constantly releasing heat and has difficulty dissipating it, but the thermal-runaway can be prevented with proper measures and careful maintenance.

UPS battery thermal runaway prevention measures

Battery thermal runaway refers to a cumulative enhancement of the charging current and UPS battery temperature when the battery is charged at constant voltage, and gradually damages the battery. The thermal runaway of the battery will cause the battery to lose water rapidly, and the electrolyte in the diaphragm will dry up quickly, and eventually the battery will fail. The thermal runaway of the battery means that the battery current and the UPS battery temperature have a cumulative enhancement effect and are gradually damaged during constant voltage charging.

1. Charging equipment should have temperature compensation function or current limit;

2. Strictly control the quality of the safety valve, so that the gas inside the battery can be discharged normally;

3. The UPS battery should be set in a well-ventilated location, and the temperature of the UPS battery should be controlled.

How to prevent battery thermal runaway

1. Correctly select and adjust the float voltage in time.

2. The oxygen recombination reaction is carried out on the negative electrode, so the temperature of the negative electrode is the highest. In addition, the pole and grid are metal and are good conductors of heat. They are definitely more sensitive to the temperature increase of the battery than the outer casing. Therefore, the temperature of the negative pole should be constantly monitored during charging, especially in summer or noon. Note whether the battery temperature rises.

3. The charging equipment should have temperature compensation and current limiting functions.

4. Strictly control the quality of the safety valve to avoid failure and ensure the normal discharge of gas inside the battery.

Causes of thermal runaway of UPS battery

There are many reasons for thermal runaway of UPS batteries. High charging voltage and large gas evolution will cause thermal runaway. If a single-cell battery in the battery pack suffers from severe thermal runaway, but the constant voltage value of charging remains unchanged, the charging voltage of other single-cell batteries will also be relatively high, resulting in thermal runaway problems. The specific analysis is as follows:

1 ✦ The compact assembly makes it difficult to dissipate heat

For a compactly assembled battery, the electrolyte is stored in a porous separator, which makes it difficult to dissipate heat. Unlike ordinary lead-acid batteries, it can stir the electrolyte during charging and gas evolution, which is conducive to heat dissipation. When there is a partial short circuit inside the battery, the battery temperature will rise even higher.

2 ✦ In summer, the temperature is high and the floating charge current will increase

If the float voltage is not lowered in time, the temperature of the battery will rise rapidly. If the charging voltage is too high, the gas evolution is too large, resulting in excess oxygen circulation. If there is a micro-short circuit in one of the batteries in the battery pack, it is also equivalent to increasing the charging voltage.

3 ✦ The safety valve is not tight or the valve opening pressure is too low

The phenomenon of thermal runaway is very typical. The direct consequence of thermal runaway is that the electrolyte inside the UPS battery dries up, the internal resistance of the UPS battery is abnormal, the battery shell deforms and expands, or even ruptures, and a large amount of acid gas is emitted. Battery fire and explosion are the most common thermal runaway hazards in power battery systems, and the impact is even more serious. It will not only cause property damage and environmental damage, but even cause personal injury or life danger.

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