UPS uninterruptible power supply

Commonly used terms

1. Over discharge: continue to discharge after it is lower than the specified termination voltage of the battery.

2. Recover charge: To prepare for the next discharge, charge the discharged battery to restore its capacity.

3. Over charge: The charging that continues after reaching a fully charged state.

4. Full discharge: Discharge the battery according to the specified discharge current to the specified end voltage.

5. Nominal voltage: The standard voltage used when indicating the battery voltage. Generally, the theoretical value is slightly lower than the initial voltage.

6. Cycles service system: The way to use it as a cycle after charging and discharging.

7. Maximum discharge current: The maximum current that the battery can discharge without causing deformation, abnormal appearance, and pole fusing.

8. Self discharge: A phenomenon in which the internal loss of current capacity decreases without supplying current to the outside.

9. Nominal capacity: Under the conditions of temperature, discharge current and termination voltage specified in the standard, the battery can provide the ampere-hour power indicated by the manufacturer after it is fully charged.

10. Hour rate: The time rate of discharging with a constant current to the set end voltage, generally in hours as a unit to reflect the capacity of the battery.

11. Actual capacity: The battery actually has the capacity to be discharged at a certain hourly rate, expressed as Ah.

12. Trickle charge: In order to make up for the self-discharge of the battery, it is charged with a small current continuously in the state of being disconnected from the load.

13. Floating charge: The battery and the load are connected to the rectifier charger in parallel, and the charger continuously charges the battery with a certain voltage to maintain the charging state. When the power is cut off or the load changes, the battery can be directly and uninterrupted. Provide power to the load.

14. Constant voltage charge: A charging method that keeps the voltage between terminals constant.

15. Constant current charge: A method of charging with a constant current.

16. Stand-by type: always in the charging state of float charging and trickle charging continuously, for emergency use.

17. Internal resistance: the sum of the internal electrolyte and electrode group resistance of the battery.

18. Cut-off voltage of discharge: It is set according to the discharge current and the battery type to the terminal voltage when the discharge should stop in theory.

19. Capacity conservation performance: After the battery is fully charged, it still retains the capacity after being placed in an open circuit state for a period of time under certain conditions.

20. Internal short-circuit: In the pole group inside a single battery, the phenomenon of short circuit between the positive and negative plates.

Distinguish

There is a special battery measuring instrument for judging the quality of the battery, but the general users rarely have such an instrument, and they only have a multimeter. The following points are summed up for judging the quality of the battery in maintenance, for reference.

1. Judging from the appearance: observe whether the appearance is deformed, protruded, leaked, ruptured, burnt, and whether there is oxide leakage at the screw connection.

2. On-load measurement: If there is no abnormality in the appearance, the UPS is working in battery mode with a certain amount of load. If the discharge time is significantly shorter than the normal discharge time, after 8 hours of charging, the normal backup time cannot be restored, and the battery is judged to be aging.

3. Measure with a multimeter:

A. Measurement in battery discharge mode: Measure the terminal voltage of each battery in the battery pack. If one or more of the battery terminal voltages are significantly higher or lower than the nominal voltage (nominal voltage 12V/cell), it is judged that the battery is aging.

B. Measurement in commercial power mode: the charging voltage of each battery terminal in the battery pack, if the charging voltage of one or more batteries is obviously higher or lower than other voltages, it is determined that the battery is aging.

C. Measure the total voltage of the battery pack: the total voltage of the battery pack is obviously lower than the nominal value (taking the nominal value of the C1K battery pack as 36V as an example), and it cannot return to the normal value after charging for 8 hours, even if it returns to the normal value, If the discharge time does not reach the normal discharge time, it is determined that the battery is aging.

D. Battery start-up measurement: Do not turn on the UPS, and do not connect to the mains. First, use a multimeter to measure the total voltage of the battery pack. Take C1K as an example. At this time, the voltage may be between 36V-40V, which is a normal value. Keep an eye on the indication of the multimeter, and then connect the power button. If the total battery voltage drops below 30V or even more than ten volts immediately, the UPS will automatically shut down immediately, and the voltage will immediately return to the original value after shutdown. Determine battery aging.

Matters needing attention

UPS battery is an important part of UPS power supply. If the battery is not installed in time after purchase, the following items should be paid attention to when storing:

(1) When storing, please pay attention that the ambient temperature does not exceed the range of -20℃～+50℃.

(2) When storing the battery, the battery must be kept in a fully charged state. Since some capacity will be lost due to self-discharge during transportation or storage, please recharge before use.

(3) For long-term storage, to compensate for the self-discharge during the period, please carry out supplementary electricity. The method of supplementary electricity is as follows:

Interval between storage temperature and supplementary electricity

When stored at a temperature exceeding 40°C, it will have a bad effect on battery life, please avoid

(4) Please store in a dry, low-temperature, well-ventilated place.

(5) Due to the performance degradation of the battery during storage, please arrange to use it as soon as possible in terms of management.

(6) If the battery packaging is accidentally wetted by water during storage or transfer, the carton should be removed immediately to prevent the water-wet carton from becoming a conductor and causing the battery to discharge or burn out the positive terminal (because water is conductive ).

(7) Check the battery regularly. Do not use gasoline and other organic solvents or oils for cleaning (to avoid corrosion of the UPS battery packaging structure), and please avoid using chemical fiber cloth.

The replacement of the UPS battery pack is to use the reverse backstop characteristic of the diode to artificially cause a voltage difference between the old and new battery packs (GB, GB'). The switch instantly supplies power to the DC bus, thereby avoiding the circulation of the old and new battery packs during the parallel connection process due to the voltage difference, and ensuring the stability of the DC power supply. At the same time, it also avoids the unreliable factors of the DC system due to the interruption of the DC bus power supply box and the lack of battery power supply in the DC bus during the replacement of the UPS battery pack.

The method is:

1. The charger 2#U stops running, and the fuse FU connected in series in the UPS battery pack GB' is removed.

20. Connect diode V (2CZ 200A/800V) in parallel at points A and C at both ends of fuse FU5.

21. After checking that the wiring is correct, send the battery fuse FU.

22. Remove the fuse FU5, connect the diode V in series with the circuit, close SA3, check that the voltage of the diode cathode pair-WOM is about 241V, the anode pair-WOM voltage is about 218V, and the diode is reversed. The DC bus is powered by the charger 1#U, the battery packs GB and GB' connected in parallel, but because the voltage of the battery pack GB' is low, the DC load is powered by the charger 1#U and the battery pack GB.

5. Disconnect SA1 and remove fuses FU3 and FU4. The battery pack GB' instantly supplies power to the DC bus through the diode V.

6. Start the charger 2#U and adjust its voltage to the rated value. The DC bus is powered by the charger 2#U and the battery pack GB' in parallel.

7. Remove the old battery pack GB from the battery screen, connect the DC screen connection number nearby, and connect its positive and negative leads to the positive and negative poles of charger 1#U respectively.

8. Start the charger 1#U so that the voltage after parallel connection with the assembled old storage battery is 241V.

9. The charger 2#U is disabled, and the voltage of the battery pack GB' drops to about 235V for a short time.

10. Combined with SA1, the charger 1#U, the old battery pack GB, and the new battery pack G B' are connected in parallel to supply power to the DC bus, but the voltage after the charger 1#U is connected in parallel with the old battery pack GB is higher than that of the new battery pack GB ' voltage, so the load current is supplied by the charger 1#U and the old battery pack GB, but because the diode V reverses and cuts off, it will not reverse charge to the new battery pack GB'.

11. Disconnect SA3, and remove the new battery pack GB’ to the battery screen.

12.Connect the diode V connected in parallel to both ends of fuse FU5 to both ends of fuse FU3.

13. Install fuse FU4, charger 1#U, new and old battery packs are connected in parallel to supply power to the DC bus, due to the effect of diode V, charger 1#U, the old battery pack only supplies power to the DC bus, and does not feed back to the new battery pack. Charge.

14. Disconnect SA1, and the new UPS battery pack supplies power to the DC bus through diode V.

15. Install the fuse FU3, and the diode V is shorted. At this time, the diode V has lost its function and should be charged and removed.

16. Remove the old battery pack.

17. Integrate SA1, charger 1#U and new storage battery pack in parallel to supply power to the DC bus.

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